Publications


Peer-Reviewed Journal Publications

Revisiting brain iron deficiency in restless legs syndrome using magnetic resonance imaging.
Beliveau V, Stefani A, Birkl C, Kremser C, Gizewski ER, Högl B, Scherfler C.
Neuroimage Clin. 2022 Apr 26;34:103024. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103024.

HFP-QSMGAN: QSM from homodyne-filtered phase images.
Beliveau V, Birkl C, Stefani A, Gizewski ER, Scherfler C.
Magn Reson Med. 2022 Apr 5. doi: 10.1002/mrm.29260.

Recovering SWI-filtered phase data using deep learning.
Kames C, Doucette J, Birkl C, Rauscher A.
Magn Reson Med. 2022 Feb;87(2):948-959. doi: 10.1002/mrm.29013.

High-resolution neural network-driven mapping of multiple diffusion metrics leveraging asymmetries in the balanced steady-state free precession frequency profile.
Birk F, Glang F, Loktyushin A, Birkl C, Ehses P, Scheffler K, Heule R.
NMR Biomed. 2021 Dec 29:e4669. doi: 10.1002/nbm.4669.

Sensitivity of fiber orientation dependent R2* to temperature and post mortem interval.
Lenz C, Berger C, Bauer M, Scheurer E, Birkl C.
Magn Reson Med. 2021 Nov;86(5):2703-2715. doi: 10.1002/mrm.28874.

Automated segmentation of deep brain nuclei using convolutional neural networks and susceptibility weighted imaging.
Beliveau V, Nørgaard M, Birkl C, Seppi K, Scherfler C.
Hum Brain Mapp. 2021 Oct 15;42(15):4809-4822. doi: 10.1002/hbm.25604.

Phosphorous Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Molecular Markers in IDH1 Wild Type Glioblastoma.
Galijašević M, Steiger R, Radović I, Birkl-Toeglhofer AM, Birkl C, Deeg L, Mangesius S, Rietzler A, Regodić M, Stockhammer G, Freyschlag CF, Kerschbaumer J, Haybaeck J, Grams AE, Gizewski ER.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 Jul 16;13(14):3569. doi: 10.3390/cancers13143569.

Birkl C, Doucette J, Fan M, Hernandez-Torres E, Rauscher A.
Myelin water imaging depends on white matter fiber orientation in the

Myelin water imaging depends on white matter fiber orientation in the human brain.
Birkl C, Doucette J, Fan M, Hernández-Torres E, Rauscher A.
Magn Reson Med. 2021 Apr;85(4):2221-2231. doi: 10.1002/mrm.28543.

The influence of iron oxidation state on quantitative MRI parameters in post mortem human brain.
Birkl C, Birkl-Toeglhofer AM, Kames C, Goessler W, Haybaeck J, Fazekas F, Ropele S, Rauscher A.
Neuroimage. 2020 Oct 15;220:117080. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117080.

Hepatic gene expression explains primary drug toxicity in bipolar disorder.
Birkl-Toeglhofer AM, Birkl C, Llenos IC, Weis S, Haybaeck J.
Transl Psychiatry. 2019 Dec 9;9(1):331. doi: 10.1038/s41398-019-0666-4.

The influence of brain iron on myelin water imaging.
Birkl C, Birkl-Toeglhofer AM, Endmayr V, Höftberger R, Kasprian G, Krebs C, Haybaeck J, Rauscher A.
Neuroimage. 2019 Oct 1;199:545-552. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.05.042.

The role of iron and myelin in orientation dependent R2* of white matter.
Kor D, Birkl C, Ropele S, Doucette J, Xu T, Wiggermann V, Hernández-Torres E, Hametner S, Rauscher A.
NMR Biomed. 2019 Jul;32(7):e4092. doi: 10.1002/nbm.4092.

An Unbiased Approach of Sampling TEM Sections in Neuroscience.
Wernitznig S, Reichmann F, Sele M, Birkl C, Haybäck J, Kleinegger F, Birkl-Töglhofer A, Krassnig S, Wodlej C, Holzer P, Kummer D, Bock E, Leitinger G.
J Vis Exp. 2019 Apr 13;(146). doi: 10.3791/58745.

Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping to Assess Cerebral Vascular Compliance.
Birkl C, Langkammer C, Sati P, Enzinger C, Fazekas F, Ropele S.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2019 Mar;40(3):460-463. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A5933.

Month-of-birth-effect in multiple sclerosis in Austria.
Walleczek NK, Frommlet F, Bsteh G, Eggers C, Rauschka H, Koppi S, Assar H, Ehling R, Birkl C, Salhofer-Polanyi S, Baumgartner A, Blechinger S, Buchinger D, Sellner J, Kraus J, Moser H, Mayr M, Guger M, Rathmaier S, Raber B, Liendl H, Hiller MS, Parigger S, Morgenstern G, Kempf I, Spiss HK, Meister B, Heine M, Cisar A, Bachler H, Khalil M, Fuchs S, Enzinger C, Fazekas F, Leutmezer F, Berger T, Kristoferitsch W, Aboulenein-Djamshidian F.
Mult Scler. 2019 Dec;25(14):1870-1877. doi: 10.1177/1352458518810924.

Assessment of ferritin content in multiple sclerosis brains using temperature-induced R2* changes.
Birkl C, Carassiti D, Hussain F, Langkammer C, Enzinger C, Fazekas F, Schmierer K, Ropele S.
Magn Reson Med. 2018 Mar;79(3):1609-1615. doi: 10.1002/mrm.26780.

Effects of concentration and vendor specific composition of formalin on postmortem MRI of the human brain.
Birkl C, Soellradl M, Toeglhofer AM, Krassnig S, Leoni M, Pirpamer L, Vorauer T, Krenn H, Haybaeck J, Fazekas F, Ropele S, Langkammer C.
Magn Reson Med. 2018 Feb;79(2):1111-1115. doi: 10.1002/mrm.26699.

Mechanical characterization of human brain tissue.
Budday S, Sommer G, Birkl C, Langkammer C, Haybaeck J, Kohnert J, Bauer M, Paulsen F, Steinmann P, Kuhl E, Holzapfel GA.
Acta Biomater. 2017 Jan 15;48:319-340. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.10.036.

Effects of formalin fixation and temperature on MR relaxation times in the human brain.
Birkl C, Langkammer C, Golob-Schwarzl N, Leoni M, Haybaeck J, Goessler W, Fazekas F, Ropele S.
NMR Biomed. 2016 Apr;29(4):458-65. doi: 10.1002/nbm.3477.

Iron mapping using the temperature dependency of the magnetic susceptibility.
Birkl C, Langkammer C, Krenn H, Goessler W, Ernst C, Haybaeck J, Stollberger R, Fazekas F, Ropele S.
Magn Reson Med. 2015 Mar;73(3):1282-8. doi: 10.1002/mrm.25236.

Temperature Dependency of T1 Relaxation Time in Unfixed and Fixed Human Brain Tissue.
Birkl C, Langkammer C, Haybaeck J, Ernst C, Stollberger R, Fazekas F, Ropele S.
Biomed Tech (Berl). 2013 Aug;58 Suppl 1:/j/bmte.2013.58.issue-s1-L/bmt-2013-4290/bmt-2013-4290.xml. doi: 10.1515/bmt-2013-4290.

Temperature-induced changes of magnetic resonance relaxation times in the human brain: a postmortem study.
Birkl C, Langkammer C, Haybaeck J, Ernst C, Stollberger R, Fazekas F, Ropele S.
Magn Reson Med. 2014 Apr;71(4):1575-80. doi: 10.1002/mrm.24799. Epub 2013 May 28. PMID: 23716457

Peer-Reviewed Conference papers and proceedings

Birkl C, Kames C, Li D, Traboulsee A, Rauscher A.
Don’t track edema if you are interested in demyelination: Quantitative susceptibility mapping of MS lesions depends on the image contrast used for lesion definition.
Proceedings of the ISMRM 27th Annual Meeting & Exhibition. 2019; -ISMRM 27th Annual Meeting & Exhibition; MAY 11-16, 2019; Montreal, Kanada.

Birkl C, Langkammer C, Sati P, Enzinger C, Fazekas F, Ropele S.
Dynamic quantitative susceptibility mapping to assess vascular compliance in the brain.
Proceedings of the ISMRM 27th Annual Meeting & Exhibition. 2019; -ISMRM 27th Annual Meeting & Exhibition; MAY 11-16, 2019; Montreal, Kanada.

Sibgatulin R, Deistung A, Güllmar D, Birkl C, Ropele S, Reichenbach J.
In vivo assessment of the anisotropy of R2* maps in white matter.
Proceedings of the ISMRM 27th Annual Meeting & Exhibition. 2019; -ISMRM 27th Annual Meeting & Exhibition; MAY 11-16, 2019; Montreal, Kanada.

Birkl, C; Wiggermann, V; Endmayr, V; Hernandez-Torres, E; Kasprian, G; Hoeftberger, R; Ropele, S; Hametner, S, Rauscher, A
Pathological differentiation of multiple sclerosis lesions based on R2* at 3T: The influence of iron and myelin
Proceedings of the Joint Annual Meeting ISMRM-ESMRMB 2018. 2018; -Joint Annual Meeting ISMRM-ESMRMB; JUN 16-21, 2018; Paris, France.

Birkl-Toeglhofer, AM; Birkl, C; Llenos, IC; Weis, S; Haybaeck, J
Bipolar Disorder: Hepatic Gene Expression Upon Drug Treatment.
Proceedings of the 6th International Student Congress. 2018; -6th International Student Congress; MAY 31-JUN 2, 2018; Graz, Austria.

Toeglhofer, AM; Krassnig, S; Golob-Schwarzl, N; Wodlej, C; Birkl, C; Kalev, O; Leoni, M; Flunkert, S; Hutter-Paier, B; Weis, S; Haybaeck, J
Eukaryotic initiation factors are altered in Alzheimer’s disease
VIRCHOWS ARCH. 2017; 471: S218-S219.

Birkl, C; Budday, S; Sommer, G; Bauer, M; Steinmann, P; Haybaeck, J; Kuhl, E; Holzapfel, GA; Fazekas, F; Ropele, S; Langkammer, C;
Mechanical stiffness of human brain tissue is inversely correlated with FA and MTR
Proceedings of the ISMRM 25th Annual Meeting & Exhibition. 2017; ISMRM 25th Annual Meeting & Exhibition; APR 22-27, 2017; Honolulu, HI, USA.

Birkl, C; Soellradl, M; Toeglhofer, AM; Haybaeck, J; Pirpamer, L; Fazekas, F; Ropele, S; Langkammer, C;
Effect of vendor specific formalin composition and concentration on post-mortem MRI of human brain tissue
Proceedings of the ISMRM 25th Annual Meeting & Exhibition. 2017; ISMRM 25th Annual Meeting & Exhibition; APR 22-27, 2017; Honolulu, HI, USA.

Birkl-Toeglhofer, AM; Bengesser, S; Birkl, C; Reininghaus, E; Llenos, IC; Weis, S; Haybaeck, J Hepatic gene expression in bipolar disorder upon psychotic drug treatment
Proceedings of the Doctoral Day 2017. 2017; -Doctoral Day 2017; DEZ 13, 2017; Graz, AUSTRIA.

Krassnig, S; Toeglhofer, AM; Golob-Schwarzl, N; Wodlej, C; Birkl, C; Kalev, O; Sygulla, S; Leoni, M; Weis, S; Haybaeck, J;
Alterations in the expression levels of eukaryotic initiation factors in Alzheimer’s disease
Der Pathologe Ausgabe 5/2017. 2017; -Herbsttagung der ÖGPath/IAP 2017; SEP 14-16, 2017; Velden, AUSTRIA.

Sele, M; Birkl, C; Ropele, S; Haybäck, J; Gössler, W; Leitinger, G
High Resolution Visualisation of Iron Deposits in the Human Brain in Health and Disease.
Editors: Prof. Johannes Bernardi, Prof. Michael Stöger-Pollach Publishers: Austrian Society of Electron Microscopy 2017. 2017; -7. ASEM workshop of the Austrian Society of Electron Microscopy – „Advanced Electron Microscopy“; APR 20-21, 2017; Vienna, AUSTRIA.

Sele, M; Birkl, C; Ropele, S; Haybäck, J; Gössler, W; Leitinger, G
High Resolution Visualisation of Iron Deposits in the Human Brain in Health and Disease.
Editors: Andreja Gajović, Igor Weber, Goran Kovačević, Vida Čadež, Suzana Šegota, Petra Peharec Štefanić and Ana Vidoš Publishers: Ruđer Bošković Institute and Croatian Microscopy Society Zagreb 2017. 2017; 217-217.-13th Multinational Congress on Microscopy; SEPT 24-29, 2017; Rovinj, Croatia.

Sele, M; Wernitznig, S; Birkl, C; Ropele, S; Kraßnig, S; Birkl-Töglhofer, AM; Sygulla, S; Leoni, M; Haybäck, J; Gössler, W; Leitinger, G
High Resolution Visualisation of Iron Deposits in the Human Brain.
Abstract book DocDay 2017. 2017; -DocDay 2017; Dez 13, 2017; Graz, Austria.

Toeglhofer, AM; Krassnig, S; Golob-Schwarzl, N; Wodlej, C; Birkl, C; Kalev, O; Leoni, M; Flunkert, S; Hutter-Paier, B; Weis, S; Haybaeck, J;
Eukaryotic initiation factors are altered in Alzheimer’s disease.
Proceedings of the 29th European Congress of Pathology. 2017; -29th European Congress of Pathology; SEP 2-6, 2017; Amsterdam, THE NETHERLANDS.

Birkl, C; Carassiti, D; Hussain, F; Langkammer, C; Enzinger, C; Fazekas, F; Schmierer, K; Ropele, S;
Assessment of ferritin in multiple sclerosis lesions by temperature dependent R2* mapping
Proceedings of the Workshop; 4rd International Workshop on MRI phase Contrast & Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping; SEP 26-28, 2016; Graz, Austria.

Birkl, C; Vorauer, T; Krenn, H; Haybaeck, J; Fazekas, F; Ropele, S; Langkammer, C;
Magnetic properties of formalin: A combined MRI and SQUID study
Proceedings of the Workshop; 4rd International Workshop on MRI phase Contrast & Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping; SEP 26-28, 2016; Graz, Austria.

Krenn, H; Vorauer, T; Birkl, C; Ropele, S;
Magnetism of aggregated iron in human brain measured by SQUID-magnetometry
Proceedings of the Workshop; 4rd International Workshop on MRI phase Contrast & Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping; SEP 26-28, 2016; Graz, Austria.

Birkl, C; Carassiti, D; Langkammer, C; Enzinger, C; Fazekas, F; Schmierer, K; Ropele, S;
Assessment of ferritin in the multiple sclerosis brain using temperature induced R2* changes
Proceedings of the ISMRM 24th Annual Meeting. 2016; -ISMRM 24th Annual Meeting; MAY 07-13, 2016; Singapore.

Walleczek, NK; Rauschka, H; Bsteh, G; Birkl, C; Khalil, M; Fuchs, S; Enzinger, C; Fazekas, F; Eggers, C; Leutmezer, F; Salhofer-Polanyi, S; Baumgartner, A; Blechinger, S; Koppi, S; Sellner, J; Kraus, J; Assar, H; Gugger, M; Ehling, R; Moser, H; Raber, B; Liendl, H; Parigger, S; Mayr, M; Hiller, MS; Meister, B; Morgenstern, G; Spiess, HK; Kempf, I; Cisar, A; Bachler, H; Lehninger, R; Berger, T; Kristoferitsch, W; Aboulenein-Djamshidian, F;
Month-of-birth-effect in multiple sclerosis in Austria
MULT SCLER J. 2015; 21: 102-103.-31st Congress of the European-Committee-for-Treatment-and-Research-in-Multiple-Sclerosis (ECTRIMS); OCT 07-10, 2015; Barcelona, SPAIN.

Birkl, C; Carassiti, D; Langkammer, C; Fazekas, F; Schmierer, K; Ropele, S;
Iron mapping in post mortem multiple sclerosis brain 
Proceedings of the 12. Jahrestagung der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Neurologie. 2015; -12. Jahrestagung der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Neurologie; MAR 25-27, 2015; Graz, Austria.

Birkl, C; Langkammer, C; Golob-Schwarzl, N; Leoni, M; Haybaeck, J; Goessler, W; Fazekas, F; Ropele, S;
Effects of formalin fixation on MR relaxation times in the human brain 
Proceedings of the ISMRM 23rd Annual Meeting. 2015; ISMRM 23rd Annual Meeting; MAY 30 – JUN 5, 2015; Toronto, Canada.

Birkl, C; Krenn, H; Langkammer, C; Maderthoner, C; Haybaeck, J; Fazekas, F; Ropele, S
Overestimation of iron content in the human postmortem brain
Proceedings of the Workshop; 3rd International Workshop on MRI phase Contrast & Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping; OCT 6-8, 2014; Duke, NC, USA.

Birkl, C; Langkammer, C; Haybaeck, J; Ernst, C; Petzold, J; Fazekas, F; Ropele, S;
Temperature and fixation correction for postmortem MRI of the brain 
Proceedings of the ISMRM 22nd Annual Meeting. 2014; ISMRM 22nd Annual Meeting; May 10-16, 2014; Milano, Italy.

Langkammer, C; Krebs, N; Birkl, C; Pirpamer, L; Borsodi, F; Haindl, M; Reishofer, G; Porter, DA; Scheurer, E; Fazekas, F; Ropele S;
High resolution diffusion MRI of the unfixed post mortem brain. 
Proceedings; ISMRM 22nd Annual Meeting; May 10-16, 2014; Milano, Italy.

Birkl, C; Diwoky, C; Stollberger R;
Verification of Brown Adipose Tissue using MRI 
Abstractbook of the 1st International Student Congress. 2013; 42-43. International Student Congress; Jul 4-6, 2013; Graz, Austria.

Birkl, C; Langkammer, C; Haybaeck, J; Ernst, C; Stollberger, R; Fazekas, F; Ropele, S;
Temperature induced changes of MRI T1 and T2 relaxation times in the unfixed brain. 
Proceedings; ISMRM 21st Annual Meeting & Exhibition; Apr 20-26, 2013; Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.

Birkl, C; Diwoky, C; Stollberger, R;
Nachweis von braunem Fett mittels MR 
Tagungsband der ÖGBMT Jahrestagung 2012. 2012; Jahrestagung der Österreichische Gesellschaft für Biomedizinische Technik; 20-22. Sept 2012; Hall in Tirol.

Birkl, C; Langkammer, C; Haybaeck J; Ernst, C; Stollberger, R; Fazekas, F; Ropele, S;
Temperature induced changes of MRI relaxation rates in the brain: An unfixed postmortem study.
Book of Abstracts. 2012; 29th Annual Meeting ESMRMB; Oct 4-6, 2012; Lisbon, Portugal.

Sorantin,E; Fotter,R; Birkl,C;
Digitale Welt und Bildverarbeitung in der Pädiatrischen Radiologie.
RöFo – Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren / Inhaltsverzeichnis. 2011; 183(S01):WS117–92. Deutscher Röntgenkongress und 6. Gemeinsamer Kongress der DRG und ÖRG; Jun 1-4, 2011; Hamburg, Deutschland.

Invited Presentations

Quantitative post mortem MRI of the brain: challenges and opportunities.
Institut für Rechtsmedizin Basel; 11.11.2019

Postmortem MRI of the brain: Biophysical mechanisms of contrast generation.
The University of British Columbia, MRI research Center; 07.05.2013